Erythromelalgia is a rare condition that causes burning pain and redness in certain parts of the body.
Erythromelalgia mainly affects the feet. Symptoms include heat, pain and redness.
Cooling or raising the area may help relieve erythromelalgia. There are also creams, gels, sprays, tablets and medicines given into a vein.
It's often not clear what causes erythromelalgia. Sometimes it's caused by another medical condition or a faulty gene inherited from a parent.
Erythromelalgia mainly affects the feet. Symptoms include heat, pain and redness.
The 3 main symptoms of erythromelalgia are heat, pain and redness in the skin.
The feet are most commonly affected, but the hands, arms, legs, ears and face can be too.
The pain can range from mild, with only a slight tingling feeling like pins and needles, to a severe burning pain, which can be bad enough to make walking, standing, socialising, exercising and sleeping difficult.
It can have a significant impact on work or school life.
People with erythromelalgia typically have episodes or "flare-ups" of pain lasting from a few minutes to several days.
The flare-ups usually start as an itching sensation, which worsens to pain, and tender mottled, red skin that feels warm or hot to the touch.
Other symptoms may include:
Cooling or raising the area may help relieve erythromelalgia. There are also creams, gels, sprays, tablets and medicines given into a vein.
Cooling or raising the affected part of your body may help relieve the symptoms of erythromelalgia.
You can cool your skin using a fan, cool water, a cool surface or cool gel packs.
But avoid using ice or anything that's too cold, and do not soak your hands or feet for a long time in cold water.
This can lead to hypothermia or skin damage.
And there's also a risk the change in temperature may trigger a flare-up when the affected area warms up again.
Some medicines that are applied directly to the skin (topical medicines) have been found to help relieve the symptoms of erythromelalgia.
These may be in the form of creams, gels, sprays or patches. You may be prescribed a capsaicin cream or patch to make the heat receptors in your skin less sensitive.
A local anaesthetic called lidocaine may also be prescribed in the form of a cream, gel or spray.
A GP will be able to give you more information about these medicines and if they're right for you.
You can also speak to a pharmacist about lidocaine creams.
A number of different medicines taken by mouth (orally) may help relieve the symptoms of erythromelalgia.
You may need to try several different medicines, under the supervision of a doctor, before you find the one or the combination that works best for you.
Your treatment options will also depend on the type of erythromelalgia you have.
Many treatments require referral to a specialist centre so benefits and potential side effects can be closely monitored.
The types of medicine a doctor may prescribe include:
If oral medicine does not manage to control your symptoms, you may be given medicine directly into the bloodstream through a drip (intravenous infusion).
Lidocaine, a local anaesthetic that can help nerve-related pain, can be given this way. But how long it works for varies between people.
Your doctor will explain this procedure to you and how you should prepare for it.
It's often not clear what causes erythromelalgia. Sometimes it's caused by another medical condition or a faulty gene inherited from a parent.